Arthur Miller’s Essay

The first point I noted was when Alfieri said: â€Å"A lawyer means the law, and in Sicily, from where their fathers came, the law has not been a friendly idea since the Greeks were beaten† This suggests that before Christ and Christianity, the law was quite sloppy, and people could get away with crimes, but since the spread of Catholicism and ‘An eye for an eye†¦ ‘, people have been scared to cross the law since people have the right to exact revenge, without scorn from the community, and it worked because people knew that felonies could result in death, they stop committing them. A very important point is where Alfieri is talking about men in the Mafia who were shot by thugs from other ‘families’, and refers to those men as ‘justly shot by unjust men’ which means that those men deserved to die, yet they shouldn’t, in the eyes of the American Judicial System, be killed without trial, that being one of the Amendments of The Constitution. Perhaps the most important occurrence when dealing with this category is the prefiguration about Vinnie Bolzano (which has been previously mentioned), because it serves as a prefiguration about what happens when someone breaks the Code of Conduct, with regards to immigrants. The next type of tension is about Eddie as a sympathetic character. Miller wanted the audience to feel sympathetic for Eddie and does this by creating a sense of emotional involvement with Eddie, which forms a certain sense of empathy with Eddie, and a sorrow which implants a sorrow due to Eddie’s fate. This type of tension is similar to climatic tension except it creates an apprehensive mood in the audience’s mind. Because this is in place early on, it is easier for the reader to justify Eddie’s actions and then empathise with him. In Arthur Miller’s view, Eddie â€Å"posses or exemplifies the wondrous and human fact that he too can be driven to what in the last analysis is a sacrifice of himself for his conception, however misguided or right, dignity and justice. † This to me provokes real empathy because it is very difficult to sacrifice for your beliefs, and for what behaviour he displays, he deserves so much more respect that he is given. Alfieri, upon meeting Eddie, described Eddie as having ‘eyes like tunnels’ which suggests that he is in a trance like state, and he has probably given way to his emotions, which is not necessarily his fault, it may be that he is emotionally unstable, and insecure, it may be that he is suffering from stress, which makes him less mentally adept, but whatever he is, he should not, in this situation, be held accountable for his actions. Early on in the play, with Eddie’s conversation between Catherine & Beatrice, a lot of Eddie’s gentle and more compassionate side is exposed when Catherine wants to work, Eddie wants her to stay in school, but she protests: Eddie: You wanna go to work, heh, Madonna? Catherine: Yeah Eddie: Alright, go to work. This shows Eddie’s compassionate side, because he gives in to Catherine’s demands, even though it is against his will, he does it because it is in Catherine’s interest. Another moment where Miller shows Eddie’s consideration for Catherine is the moment where she lights the cigar, and almost burns herself: Catherine: Here! I’ll light it for you! Don’t worry about me Eddie, heh? Eddie: Don’t burn yourself. (Just in time she blows out match) This shows Catherine’s naivety, and perhaps her inability to function independently without Eddie, and how much he cares for her. She soon forgets this when she encounters Rodolfo, and Eddie feels displaced by him, like he is no longer needed, and for this reason, I think his goal becomes to have Rodolfo deported. But only because Catherine completely ignores him, and feels she is independent, when clearly, she is not. The last kind of tension is emotional tension. This is the disarray that begins due to the introduction of a stranger into this family, and continues due to Rodolfo’s unusual behaviour, Eddie’s emotional insecurities, Catherine’s naivety and Beatrice’s selfishness plunge them into. Due to analysis, I have come to realise that there is a vicious emotional cycle in place that erodes the already fragile relationship these characters share. Here is a diagram and an explanation: Catherine and Rodolfo take Beatrice’s advice. They become closer, get more intimate. They start to ignore Eddie’s opinion more. Catherine starts to become less nai ve, more aware, much to Eddie’s disapproval. Next Catherine and Rodolfo’s actions make Eddie more irate. He becomes more hypnotised by rage. He is more desperate to separate Catherine and Rodolfo. He feels displaced, like Catherine is bestowing all her affection on Rodolfo. He starts to ignore Beatrice and begins to focus solely on Rodolfo’s expulsion. Then Beatrice is annoyed by Eddie. She feels he is not attentive enough. She feels displace by Catherine and becomes even more jealous of the attention she receives. She encourages Catherine to become more independent and intimate with Rodolfo in the hope that she, with Rodolfo, moves out leaving Eddie to pay Beatrice more attention. This continues to occur, and destabilises this very dysfunctional family, with each party becoming more bitter and resentful to the others. It changes slightly so that Beatrice almost sides with Catherine and Rodolfo, I think purely for selfish reasons, as she has the most to gain from Catherine’s absence. In the end, I think is no one person’s fault. I think it is the fault of all three parties. Catherine, because she is to nai ve to know what she is doing, and cannot see through Beatrice’s advice, Eddie for being too overprotective and getting too involved, and Beatrice, for wanting Catherine gone for all the wrong reasons. With all this, I think it is all the deceit and selfish motivation that accompanies a dysfunctional family that sees the Carbone family on their knees. In conclusion, Arthur Miller uses many types of tension in his play ‘A View From The Bridge’: climatic tension, dedicated to keeping the middle unknown; tension of discovery, to keep the play fresh with plenty of plot twists, and to keep the character’s personas mysterious, the Sicilian Code of Conduct to keep the play within the same era, and to put his knowledge to good use, Eddie as a sympathetic character to keep the audience engrossed and to exploit one of the most fascinating human traits, and the triangular relationship between Eddie, Catherine and Rodolfo and Beatrice to show how easily a nuclear family can be dissolved by the introduction of a stranger who is welcomed with mixed opinions, much like a specie from a different ecosystem being introduced to a new one. Interestingly, with regard to the opinions, each member of the family represents a different opinion; Eddie represents the negative extremity (by wanting Rodolfo gone), Catherine the positive extremity (wanting to marry Rodolfo), and Beatrice who is neutral (doesn’t mind, just wants Catherine gone). All these kinds of tension help to portray what happens when strangers enter a close-knit family which has mixed opinions, and that when pushed hard enough, people will forgo almost anything to protect their loved ones; their beliefs, their life, even if it really is all for the sake of self justified pride and dignity. To summarise it in one sentence, it basically says, â€Å"Welcome to the human condition. † Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section.

Diffusion of Buddhism and Hinduism

The changes in the diffusion of Buddhism and Hinduism through 600 CE greatly impacted these religions such as the popularity of the religions in India and where the religions was being diffused; however, a few continuities existed such as they both originated in India. Since Hinduism reinforces the caste system and Buddhism believe in equal treatment of all people which opposes the caste system, Buddhism started to spread into other areas other than India to offer an alternative to Hinduism for those in a lower caste.As Buddhism started to diffuse into other regions, the popularity of Buddhism in India started to decline because Hinduism gradually displaced them and became the more popular religion in India. Hinduism beliefs still continue to influence Indian society today. This changed more likely occurred because Buddhism would not have been as compatible with Indian culture in India as Hinduism has a more stronger tie to Indian culture like the reinforced caste system.The spread o f Buddhism through 600 CE was diffused among other countries. Buddhism started out in India and rapidly grew throughout the world eventually traveling along the Silk Road and spreading to areas like China, Korea, and Japan. While Buddhism was spreading in other countries, Hinduism tended to stay mostly in India. Read also  Arya Samaj at  https://essaysamurai.co.uk/arya-samaj/Because Hinduism was more complex, it made Buddhism more easier to comprehend and understand because they accepted everyone equally while Hinduism weren't accepting of people not born into the caste system. This change more likely occurred because Buddhism and Hinduism have slightly different views on the equality of people which benefited Buddhism to diffuse their religion in other areas besides India.

Essay cycle1 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cycle1 - Essay Example bled the country to withstand negative influences of the Western culture and protect it people against the danger of same-sex marriages, abortion, and drug abuse. Chinese is a religious nation and values their culture and their way of life which has enabled the country to increase its economic, social and political stability (Overview of Chinese Culture). The Chinese government monitors and censure internet access to protect against infiltration of global influence to its citizens. However, despite all the measure to protect it culture, Chinese people have abandoned some of their culture and embraced the trend in trade, commerce and economic integration among nations. Therefore, globalization has taken root and the country is now open to trade with any nation in the world. Globalization has not only increased the economic growth of China, but also paved way for market expansion. Globalization will lead to China becoming a vibrant and multicultural country, which is crucial for in the globalization era. In one way, globalization leads to the introduction of new cultures that may not be healthy to the original culture. It is clear that when cultures are super imposed, the two cultures are diluted and this lead to the formation of mixed cultures. Qin (2), a New York Times writer, raises the question â€Å"why Chinese has to be mixed up with so much English† to illustrate the results of superimposition of languages. The author supports the idea that globalization has led to the loss of the Chinese culture, which is a risk for the conservation of the original behaviour. Next, globalisation results that there is high chances for the introduction of ill behaviour when cultures interact. The implication of this is that when cultures interact, they tend to borrow from each other behavioural patterns. In China, the ideologies of same-sex marriage after the boom of tourism. While it is clear that the instances of same-sex marriage are rare in China, it cannot be compared to

Living with Diabetes Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Living with Diabetes - Case Study Example Elizabeth who lives in United Kingdom is helped by the National Health Service (NHS) is the publicly funded health care system of England; the National Health Service (NHS) is not to be confused with the other three national health systems operating in the United Kingdom which are responsible to their own governments and have developed under differing legislation. All four services collectively operate without general discrimination toward citizens from each others areas. The NHS provides the majority of healthcare to Elizabeth, from general practitioners to hospitals, long-term healthcare, thus helping her cope with her diabetes. The National Health Service Act was passed in 1946 and came into effect on 5 July 1948; subsequently it has become an integral part of British society, culture and everyday life: the NHS was once described by Nigel Lawson, former Chancellor of the Exchequer, as "the national religion". Private health care has continued parallel to the NHS, paid for largely by private insurance, but it is used only by a small percentage of the population, and generally as a top-up to NHS services. As the reforms continue to change the way the NHS works, NHIS is able to offer new insights into its performance. It is a uniquely powerful and cost-effective resource for those who need to understand, interpret and exploit these events - from pharmaceutical companies developing their marketing strategies, to patients needing to be aware how the system works. Elizabeth often also uses the Diabetes UK Careline as a further source of information for people with diabetes and it receives around 50 000 enquiries a year. The Careline number is 0845 120 2960 and it is open Monday to Friday from 9am until 5pm (a translation service is available) with recorded information available 24 hours a day. As well as offering information to people on a wide range of subjects, Careline also offers support through talking with a trained counsellor . Calls to Careline allow Elizabeth to identify gaps in currently available information, and to then fill them. We have found this to be particularly true around the subject of diet--by far the most requested topic of information. This can be as simple as producing quick question-and-answer style responses to topics that the media has generated interest about, to developing a more detailed information resource, such as the weight management pack, which deals with many of the issues that callers to Careline, both lay and professional, have raised. Like most people who get their information on diabetes from the media, the internet or the man next door, this often means that the information they receive is distorted or even dangerous, Elizabeth too was affected by this but her problems were taken care of by the Careline. A particular issue is the myth around 'mild diabetes' or 'a touch of sugar', which many callers to Careline cite as their particular problem. Because diabetes has been couched in these terms, many people fail to realise the seriousness of their condition and think that they only have to avoid sugar in their diet (another popular misconception). Psychosocial factors

Modern State Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Modern State - Essay Example The concept and framework of the modern state is difficult to define because it involves a combination of historical, economic, political and cultural factors. Historical mythologies and memories are shared, traditional routes of pilgrimage have united the nations of the continent in common religious bonds throughout history, and now they all share the same market (Morphet 517). It is possible to single out the following distinctive features of the modern state: high level of nationalism and multiculturalism, liberal institutions and importance of national culture, integrity and cooperation on the global level. Collective identity and individual freedom are the main characteristics of the modern state 9Richard Stillman II 23). The state is inevitably involved in recognizing and reproducing particular ethno-cultural groups, and so the politicization of cultural identities is, to some extent, inevitable. Modernization liberates people from fixed social roles and traditional identities, and fosters an ideal of autonomous individuality that encourages individuals to prefer choice and mobility over traditional ascriptive identities (Rubin 65). Modernization theorists argued that this ideal of autonomous individuality conflicts with a deep attachment to one's cultural group, particularly in the case of smaller nations or national minorities (Morphet 517). These smaller groups face strong economic and political pressures to assimilate into larger nations, and theorists assumed that the members of these groups would accept this process, rather than fight to maintain their cultural identity at the price of economic well-being or social mobility. To resist assimilation would require an irrational attachment to an 'ascriptive group' identity that was inconsistent with the modern ideal of autonomous individuality (Rubin 75). So there are many ways that government decisions play a crucial role in sustaining national cultures. This is not to say that governments can only promote one societal culture. So nationalist movements by national minorities are not rejecting the dynamic of modernization and nation-building. The modern state accepts the idea that a modern economy and democratic community requires a diffused common culture (Rubin 64). They are simply arguing that they form their own distinct economy and society within the boundaries of the large state. They are arguing that some countries are not nation-states, but are multination states, containing two or more national societies. In this case, "democracy has two aspects, authorial and editorial; democracy is authorial so far as it gives the collective people direct or indirect control of government; democracy is editorial so far as it gives people, whether in a collective or plural identity, the capacity to challenge government decisions; and as a feature of the plural people editorial democracy may be representative, reactive or regulative in character" (Pettit 527). Many liberal states do not make nationalism per se, but they introduce common use of the term nation and are clearly dedicated to a modern and unified administration, church-state reform, modern education and a liberal constitutional system. For instance, this is based on a general

CRIMINOLOGY Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

CRIMINOLOGY - Research Paper Example The Asian and African states blame the USA, Australia and Europe for creating a single mother society by allowing unchecked and unrestrained sexual activities, extra marital relationships and gay marriages. The girls in Europe, USA and Australia, Mendle et al (2009) observe, become victims of rape, perversion and other environmental influences, and thus enter their sexual life at a very young age subsequently. However, the Gulf countries forget to examine the most perturbed state of affairs being observed in their own lands, where the people are exploited and raped secretly with the support of law enforcing agencies. Not only this that tracing of offenders is near to impossible in Saudi Arabia, Dubai and Abu Dhabi, but also registration of rape cases is really a hard nut to crack in the entire Arab region (Khalife, 2010). The paper has been supported with the conflict, labeling, feminist and nature theories of crime, which endorse various possibilities behind committing of offences a nd delinquencies by the individuals belonging to divergent ethno-racial cultures, communities and societies of the globe. The Victim’s Background: As stated-above, the victim of the heinous crime of male rape in the present study was a 15 years young French-Swiss adolescent, who had proceeded to Dubai on a recreational tour by second week of July 2007. While he was sitting at beach-side of this modern and affluent country with one of his friends, he was offered car lift by the three native motorists, so that both the boys could be dropped safe and sound at the hotel they stayed. The motorists, with the promise of leading them to their hotel, turned the car towards the desert; where they stopped the car at a desolated area, and asked Alex’s associate to stay outside the car till they inflicted brutal buggery upon the hapless youth. The three Dubai residents raped Alex viciously, and threatened him of grave consequences provided he disclosed the mishap before any authority in Dubai (ABC News, 2007). The poor victim was extremely harassed, heart-broken and frustrated; even then he disclosed all about the sad incident over p hone to her mother Veronique Robert, a well-known and influential journalist of France, who moved the foreign office to probe into the matter quickly in order to get the rapists arrested, tried and penalized without wasting of time. The Background of the Rapists: The biased, prejudiced and cruel law enforcing agencies of Dubai never let the identity of the vicious rapists disclosed before the press. Despite Dubai's status as the Arab world's paragon of modernity and wealth, its legal system remains a perilous gantlet when it comes to homosexuality and legal protection of foreigners (Live Leak, 2007). Thus, they stuck to their traditional atrocious behavior of declaring the rape mere a sexual activity took place with the free consent of a European teenager as passive partner in gay sex, while the three Dubai residents as active partners. In other words, they declared the heinous anal rape as a routine gay sex activity, which is a punishable crime on the part of both the boy and the r apists. Somehow, after the direct involvement of French President Nicolas Sarkozy and the UAE leader Sheikh Zayid bin Sultan, the local police traced out the whereabouts of the rapists, and arrested them for identification parade at the police station. The brilliant Alex was successful

Economic read an article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economic read an article - Essay Example In as much as many governments are institutions set on social contracts, there is a serious failure in the effectiveness to deliver according to set standards granted by the provisions of the social contracts. According to Leeson, a legitimate social contract should attest to three chief concerns. First, the contact must serve the purpose of granting political power. I should be in accordance with the joint consent of all subjects or stakeholders whose interest are represented in the contract. The main intent of the contract should be to facilitate social collaboration. The key consideration in the formation of a social contract is its aim of creating a government (Leeson 444). Leeson identifies the second most important feature of a social contract while referring to the original state before the formulation of the social contract. A social contract should serve the purpose of bringing the various stakeholders in the contract from a situation of no prior contract. The people whose i nterests are expressed in the contract should be in need a forum that can attend to their claims including their appeals. This, according to Leeson, is fundamental since it eliminates the possibility of conflicts and enhances sovereignty. If there is an existing sovereign body and an agreement is drafted which is legitimate, it does not qualify as a social contract. Instead, it is a contract. It does not replace the social contract that existed prior to its formation and, therefore, only remains as a contract. The third characteristic of social contracts identified by Leeson is the recognition that the agreement resulted from voluntary acceptance and approval by all parties subject to its provisions. Should any member of the society expresses disapproval of the social contract, then it no longer becomes a social contract. Every member whose welfare and other aspects of life are subject to the provisions of the social contacts should consent to it (Leeson 445). Disapproval by even on e member of the society renders it unbinding to the entire population affected by it. Should there be part of the population that is in disagreement, at the time of signing, then it should constitute part of the population not bound by the provisions of the contract. Following the absence of the three prerequisites that make up a social contract in most governments, Leeson argues that not all social contracts are genuine. In Leeson’s account, early social contracts that formulated most present day governments did not meet the three requirements that should be the threshold of a legitimate social contract. Following the argument that social contracts should bear the main objectives of forming a government, Leeson renders these early contracts as out of the desired intention. Their formation was legitimately promoted by the desire to gain political rule over the people. Further concerns emanate from the approval of conceptual unanimity that never follows its provisions, as well . The emergence of pirate societies, as outlined by Leeson, did restore the legitimacy of the social contract concept. This was a possibility given the fulfillment of actual unanimity that is vital in meeting the threshold of a social contract based on the three pillars of its formation. As Leeson states, the system of constitutional democracy embraced among the

The Representation of gender roles and marriage Research Paper

The Representation of gender roles and marriage - Research Paper Example For language, as well as being a vehicle for communication, is also power. The author and psychoanalyst Eva Hoffman, who left her native Poland to complete her education in Canada and the USA, and who now practices as a psychoanalyst in London, writes about the relationship between language and identity in her autobiography Lost in Translation: Life in a New Language: I was also delighted to be asked to speak at a conference marking the 60th anniversary of the host organization, Relate. My association with Relate goes back even further than that with the Commission, and I am a firm admirer of the contribution it makes nationally to trying to improve communication between women and men through its work with troubled marriages. Talk therapy does offer the chance of finding one's voice, discovering a new language in which difficult matters can be talked about, and repossessing one's identity. Relate may not have thought of itself as a language school, but it is in the business of offering interpretive services. In that, it shares an enterprise with the work of my own organization, the Tavistock Marital Studies Institute, which also celebrated an important occasion in 1998-its 50th anniversary. Both organizations are concerned with whether and how women and men talk to each other. Not far from where I live in Hertfordshire is the village of Ayot St Lawrence. One of this little village's claims to fame is that the playwright George Bernard Shaw used to live there. His best-known play is probably Pygmalion, a quintessentially English drama about the divisions of class and gender, and one made popular by the musical My Fair Lady. The plot revolves around a bet, made by a dialectician, Professor Henry Higgins, that he can train a market girl, Eliza Dolittle, to speak and act in ways that would allow her to be passed off as aristocracy. In trying to eliminate the linguistic indicators of class, Higgins becomes increasingly frustrated by the differences of gender that he encounters. One plaintive, immortalized line from the musical, pleads `Why can't a woman be more like a man?'. The boot today is on the other foot. When it comes to communication, the exasperated cry is now `Why can't a man be more like a woman?'. You hear it in the consulting rooms of counsellors a nd therapists, in research reports on family life, and in media discussions on gender relations. The questions now are `why do men stonewall?', `why can't they talk about their feelings?', `why are they so orientated towards activities?' In an age where companionability is the primary expectation of marriage and partnership, men tend to get the blame for not delivering. Their 'failure' to communicate is taken as a key reason why marriages break down. They are no longer needed to bring home the bacon, nor even to provide the socially accepted framework of marriage for conceiving and raising children, and women are asking themselves what they need men for. Men, on the other hand, are facing a decline in their market, social and biological value. As if to underline the point, sperm levels are falling in our increasingly oestrogen-ridden environment, and even male delivery systems have proved inferior (at least, in terms of efficiency) to those carried out in the hospital laboratory. Th e recent explosion of interest in the male potency drug, Viagra, tells its own story. Is this story just of `Boy's

Social Engineering Attacks and Counterintelligence Case Study

Social Engineering Attacks and Counterintelligence - Case Study Example Social engineering is seen to mostly rely on people’s innate inability to effectively keep up with the current culture that heavily relies on information technology, this essentially refers to the fact that most persons happen to not be well aware of the actual value of the information that they happen to possess and are therefore rather careless about its protection (Rouse, 2006). It is not uncommon for most social engineers to try and search dumpsters in a bid to try and obtain valuable information, engage in the memorizing of access codes by essentially looking over someone else’s shoulder in a technique that is commonly referred to as shoulder surfing, or taking full advantage of people’s natural inclination to constantly choose passwords that happen to be meaningful to them and can be easily guessed (Rouse, 2006). Most Security experts have taken to proposing that as the modern day culture continues to become ever more dependent on information, it is increas ingly evident that social engineering will ultimately remain as the greatest threat to any possible security system. What is Counterintelligence? According to Hawkins (1997), counterintelligence has actually been around for as long as espionage has been. Traditionally, counterintelligence has mainly been thought of only in the context of solely attempting to counter human espionage efforts. However, modern counterintelligence is designed to be a multi-disciplinary effort and can be defined as being the detection and effective neutralization of the activities and opportunities of a given competitor with the sole objective of gaining proprietary advantage over a certain given organization by using a raft of unethical and illegal methods. Competitors can be identified as being anything from a local or foreign business enterprise or individual to a foreign government. Hawkins further notes that, over the past ten years, counterintelligence has been redefined by the United States federal government to counter more than the threat from human intelligence to now include imagery and signal intelligence collection. The Potential Implications of Social Engineering and Counter Intelligence in respect to the Leaked Iraq War Logs and Afghan War Diary It is probable that social engineering was primarily used to trick Bradley Manning who is the 22 year old U.S Army Intelligence analysis suspected of leaking an approximated over 700,000 secret government documents to the Wikileaks website. As such, it is seen that Manning may have been tricked into going beyond his already established user rights into divulging this information. The Wikileaks website owner Julian Assange is however seen to refuse to divulge exactly who it was that provided him with the leaked documents. To this end, it is seen that the United States counterintelligence efforts happened to experience a serious lapse in that such important and classified information could be copied and sent to an outside source unofficially. As a result of social engineering and inefficient counterintelligence efforts, the United States military is now seen to be exposed as the Pentagon claims that it is aware that a number of various terrorist organizations are currently actively engaged in mining the leaked Afghan War Diary documents in an effort to try and obtain

BUS303 MODULE 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BUS303 MODULE 2 - Assignment Example Our divisions and a few other departments are faced with a 25% budget reduction this year. We need to come up with different ways to work with the budget cuts. The intension of our teams is to ensure that your relationship with the students is not impacted in any manner. We understand how difficult it can be to develop a strong rapport with the students and also the efforts put in by each one of you. Hence we have come up with one simple move, which will contribute to the overall issue to a great extent. Since we do not wish to impact any of the academic aspects of the university, hence one of the closest means to manage this issue is close to your office desk. Our aim is to work together as a team and to save money by working on our recycling efforts. One simple step by each one of you can help the university sustain itself and keep up its excellent performance. All staff is requested to empty their own trash baskets into the recycle bins in the basement. This will not only assist us as a team but will also prove to be beneficial for you as well in terms of small exercise. A simple step like this will reduce the overall departmental custodial costs to a great extent while also helping the environment by efficient recycling. This approach has been adopted by the Business Division team and has proved to be very effective for the cost-saving project. A sincere request is for you to empty your trash on a weekly basis or as often as you require. Unlike other universities we do not wish to cut down on any other services, and wish to be able to effectively cut costs by recycling. The approach used here is to appeal to the sense of reason in the organisation. Here since this mail is being sent out to well-educated individuals, with strong education background and knowledge of sustainability, the most effective approach is to use logical reasoning (Camp). The explanation in the memo will provide a

Outsourcing Contract Flaws Essay Example for Free

Outsourcing Contract Flaws Essay In any legal undertaking, contracts play a vital role in ensuring that the interests of both parties are served. Contracts serve as a binding agreement that the signatories should adhere to. In most cases, any violation of the provisions encompassed in a contract holds the erring party liable for breach of contract. When a contract is drafted, the lawyer or whoever is in charge of crafting it has the job of ensuring that both parties understand its provisions and making sure that the contents of the agreement are acceptable to both parties prior to signing the outsourcing agreement.   Ã‚   Consultation with the signatories is a vital requisite in developing a good contract. Outsourcing is one of the newest methods that firms utilize in order to hire personnel. Nowadays, one can easily find firms that specialize in outsourcing services. In this kind of business, an organization employs a service provider to handle various functions such as data entry, programming jobs, and others. Usually located in a foreign country, the outsourcing firm performs jobs that could otherwise be done by the employees of the organization. In a recent survey conducted internationally by the IT Governance Institute (ITGI), it was revealed that clients of outsourcing firms showed a great deal of dissatisfaction with the service provided by these firms. Because of this, the contracting organization made the crucial decision of prematurely severing their ties with the outsourcing firm (Simmonds Gilmour, 2005). In the study, it was further discovered that among the 76 percent of the survey participants providing at least one outsourcing service, only 25 percent have an established method in managing their contracts (Simmonds Gilmour, 2005). The Importance of Contracts in the Outsourcing Business Contracts play an important role in providing outsourcing services. It lays down the duties, roles, goals, and controls needed in anticipating change as well as in handling the development, maintenance, execution, pricing, and regulation of outsourced services(Simmonds Gilmour, 2005). In addition, outsourcing contracts contains provisions that the service provider must follow in order to ensure a general, consistent, and efficient means of handling the outsourcing agreement. Contracts ensure the proper governance of outsourcing (Simmonds Gilmour, 2005). Crafting a contract is by no means an easy job. In order to properly manage outsourcing services, the book entitled Governance of Outsourcing has laid down the following requisites of a good contract:   Outsourcing contracts should indicate what activities are exempted from outsourcing. It should clearly identify the type of service offered. Complicated and permanent outsourcing requirements may require a more integrated approach (Simmonds Gilmour, 2005). Once the outsourcing strategy has been determined, service provider contracts must clearly point out the methods and structures of the outsourcing agreement. It should clearly establish the responsibilities, goals, and roles of the parties involved. This can be formalized through the creation of a governance schedule. Defective approaches should be taken out of the picture. If management is unable to handle such processes, it is unlikely for the outsourcing provider to handle these processes as well (Simmonds Gilmour, 2005). Good outsourcing contracts must have provisions that will clearly evaluate the competence of the people who will be involved in providing outsourcing. Likewise, there should be provisions for checking the credibility and reliability of the chosen service provider (Simmonds Gilmour, 2005). After a year of offering outsourcing, the service provider should work out a re-negotiation of the contract. If the terms of agreement has a global scope and the service is provided to several components of an organization, there should be supporting contracts for every country involved. Contract re-negotiation should be included in the standard operating procedure of the outsourcing firm (Simmonds Gilmour, 2005). Proper channelling of information should be established as this will ensure improved control instead of drawing reactions. Every communication resource should be utilized in order to guarantee that any human resource personnel involved is properly informed (Simmonds Gilmour, 2005). Any transfer of service connected to the agreement must be accompanied by a formal plan and should be acknowledged by the two parties involved in the process. Benchmarking and measurement should likewise be provided in order to properly manage project costing. This is an important aspect in the total conduct of negotiating for a contract (Simmonds Gilmour, 2005). Aside from daily monitoring, the contract should likewise provide for regular benchmarking. Stable governance should be dynamic. Through periodic benchmarking, the service provider will remain valuable and will become the foundation of decisions whether to proceed with contract re-negotiations or abolish the contract (Simmonds Gilmour, 2005). The ITGI survey further revealed that among the organizations included in the study, the main reason why clients outsource is because there are not many people within the organization who have the expertise to perform such service. Forty eight percent of the surveyed organizations support this reason while the remaining 42 percent resort to outsourcing as a cost-reduction measure. However, minimizing costs is not as crucial as improving the value of the organization (Simmonds Gilmour, 2005). There are various benefits that can be derived from outsourcing service. One of the major benefits of this kind of process is better quality of service. Since the organization paid the service provider who specializes in such kind of roles, the firm would have an assurance that the finished product would not be haphazardly done. Another advantage of outsourcing is improved handling of risks. Since the service provider is trained and experienced with the line of work they are paid to do, the risks involved will be much lesser. The outsourcing firm are more equipped to handle possible risks than an employee of the organization who might not have the time to troubleshoot risks. Likewise, there is no need for the organization to select and utilize its own personnel. Instead, the staff of the organization can focus their energy on performing more important and worthwhile activities. The last advantage of outsourcing is scalability. If the organization is satisfied with the performance of the outsourcing firm, it could require its services to perform other needs. For example, a service provider providing data entry functions for a certain organization may be expanded to perform database management duties as well. More and more organizations are realizing the importance of outsourcing as an effective means of strengthening the quality of their business. In order to completely maximize the many advantages of this process, there is a need to ensure the proper governance of these processes.   By drafting stable outsourcing contracts, service providers would be able to address and remedy any possible loopholes that may arise from the outsourcing agreement.  Ã‚   Thus, assuring that their customers are satisfied with the service they provide lies on how effective the outsourcing agreement is crafted by the service provider.   Otherwise, it could lead to a short-term and dissatisfied client.

Timing of the Emancipation Proclamation Essay Example for Free

Timing of the Emancipation Proclamation Essay Abraham Lincoln is considered today, to be one of the best presidents of the United States. However he was despised by many at the time of his election. When he was elected a number of states in the south insisted that they would not be governed by him and wanted to secede. By the time he of his inauguration seven states had already seceded with four more following shortly after. The Confederates seceded because they feared that slavery would be ended, and they felt it was too important to their economy. Their actions are still considered to be too severe because although Lincoln was against slavery, he was not prepared to take any direct action to stop it. He believed that if he stopped to spread of slavery then it would die out in the far future. He also believed the slaves did not believe to become American citizen and should be shipped back to Africa after they gained freedom. Abraham Lincoln said he only cared about preserving the United States of America and joining the Confederacy back to the Union. Lincoln saw Fort Sumter as the perfect opportunity to bait the Confederates into war. Fort Sumter was a Union fort in South Carolina, and President Lincoln decided to send supplies there, knowing it would upset the Confederates because it shows that the union had no plans of giving it up. The Confederates respond by firing on the fort for thirty-three hours and completely destroyed it, but not killing anyone. This is considered the first battle in the Civil War and what started the fighting. The Union people thought that it would be an easy win for them but the Confederates comes strong out of the gate. The Union was struggling with finding a general that could create the winning formula. The Union lost some key battles early on; however it filled them with passion and made them hungry for victory. Eventually Ulysses S. Grant took the reins and the Union wen t on to victory. Abraham Lincoln started his presidency with no plans to directly end slavery, and the war started with the sole intention of restoring the Union. He stated â€Å"My paramount objective is to save the union†¦ and is not either to save or destroy slavery. If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would do it, and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves I would do it; and if I could save it by freeing some and leaving others alone I would also do that† (Roark 369). However as the war went on it evolved and became a fight for the freedom of the slaves. Lincoln wanted to free the slaves immediately, but there were still slave states left in the Union and if he had done anything like that they might secede too, and if he lost them he knew he could lose the war. Therefore he had to wait for the right time to declare any end of slavery. On January 1st of 1863 he decided that time was right and issued The Emancipation Proclamation which gave freedom to all the slaves in the rebelling states. Also to help keep the slave states in the Union he exempted that from the proclamation. Since the Confederation did not fall under the Union, the proclamation depended on victory for the Union. The Times in London was quoted saying â€Å"Where he has no power Mr. Lincoln will set the negroes free, where retains power he will consider them as slaves† (Roark 370). While it may appear as if they are right the thought was that as they passed invaded confederate lands and captured them they slaves would gain freedom. Lincoln waited before proclaiming emancipation this because he needed to prove his worth to the Upper South. Had he passed it earlier they would have seceded and it would have been a major loss to the Union army.

Impact Of The Game Revolution On Society Media Essay

Impact Of The Game Revolution On Society Media Essay Introduction: In the assignment I am going to talk about impact of the game revolution on society and I am going to write about advantage and disadvantages of impact of the game revolution on society. I am also going explain about 10 different types of computer games and also write about psychological effects of computer gaming. Impact of computer games on society Advantage of impact of the game revolution on society. The advantage of effect of the game revolution on society is that it is a very good tool for relaxing having fun with friends or family and other games like brain training are very important for your brain. The result of computer games on children can also be confident with the improvement of game that also challenge children sharply and also consoles like Nintendo wii which also build up a self-confident of physical activity. Childrens computer games can be good-natured, sharply challenging and fun. The benefits of video games are that they are a non-threatening and it is fun way to bring in children to computers. In some games children may also help to develop by getting better childrens by playing tic-tac-toe, number and alphabetical games, cube maze and brain- training games etc, which can improve hand -eye-skills and brain. Some of the studies even show that as little as one month of training with a language based computer game and it can help a child to develop their own skills by reading, maths and problem solving and language skills. Disadvantage of impact of the game revolution on society. The disadvantage of impact game has on society is that it is not good for your health, brain and eyes. The computer games are as much a part of childhood as skipping ropes and teddy bears. Nowadays children spent too much time on computer games or in consoles and it can be bad for child development. This is a habit to complaint from modern lifestyles for a lot and including limited common skills. In the modern generation when a child plays computer games it is really bad for them. Children spend many hours in front on the monitor and not going out enough could also matter general problems and they become shy person. The children become distract from more important thing like social activities and homework. The game develop nowadays become a more mad to the games and also have a weakness to lose control and become more crazy. There many complaints were found among children playing in computer for long time and they doesnt go to sleep and play till night and also doesnt eat properly for example, children play shooting, fighting and racing which can effect on body for example, they can have eyes injury, wrist, neck and back pains, headache and nerve and muscle damages. There are different effects that children and childrens development. If they violent game they can increased disturbing thoughts, feelings and behaviour. The research also seems to make that much of the effect of computer games on children are affected by the parents and they also fights without reason in school and playing with friends in park. If you want your child grow up with a healthy body, they stop playing shooting and fighting games in computer for not more than one hour. They should go out and they play outdoor games, help your mom to clean house and go with her shopping to carry some heavy bags. Describe different types of computer game There are many different types of computer games for example, action, adventure, shooting, puzzle, educational, sports, racing, simulations, combat, role- playing and strategy games. I am going to describe about 10 different types of games. Strategy games- Strategy game is about the war games and you can play in different ways. Role- playing games- A  role-playing game  (RPG) is a broad family of  games  in which players think the roles of  characters  in a made up  setting. Even you can play one player or two player games. Combat games Combat games is about battle and tank game. Simulations games- Simulation games is about to make something. Action games: Action game is video game types that maintain physical challenges, including hand-eye coordination and reaction-time. The variety includes different games such as fighting games and shooter games. Adventure games: An  adventure game  is a  computer-based game  in which the player accepts the role of character in an  interactive story driven by searching and  puzzle-solving in its place of physical challenge. Educational games: Educational games are games that have been specifically designed to teach people about a certain subject. Sports games: A sport game is a computer or video games that act the playing of classic sports. Generally sports have been recreated with a game, including team sports, athletics and extreme sports. Racing games: Racing games is a competition with any type land, air or sea vehicles. Puzzle games: Puzzle games are a type of video games that highlight puzzle solving. The types of puzzles to be solved can test many problem solving skills including logic and words. What is the psychological effect of games on individuals? We have all played computer games, but most of them sit in the computer for long time and they never moved for longer hour. The maker of impact games is having effects on our society. Most of the people are quite unfair on computer games effect by choosing one of the them can be also positive and negative. Computer games can also have large limits of effect in our society. Most of the games effects can be treated as good and bad. Violence is one of the main effects of games in society. Nowadays the teenagers have started to put the game violence in real life. The games have affected gamers so badly that now they are unaware of their surroundings and have effects their physical state. Games have impacted gamers mentally and physically in a negative way, as they play games they get obsessed with them, which makes them lazy as they hardly move. The main effect is when gamers keep looking at the screen their eye sight becomes weaker. The gamers are so into the games that when they go out, they try things in real which they did in game. The growing improvement in skill sound and graphics, gaming has become far more lifelike in bringing  together to what it used to be. When graphics were poor, violence such as shooting, kicking, punching did not seem intelligent and therefore it was harder to relate to what was happening on screen. Nowadays more games look and sound more lifelike, and address useful themes such as drug dealing, gangsters, wars becomes easier for more individuals to relate to these games. This practical issue can likely lead to an increase in violent thought and maybe even violent behaviour, as negative behaviour becomes more expected and accepted. Children who played a violent video game displayed a higher level of anger than children who played a nonviolent game. If a violent game is played by an individual for too long, they may become sensitive to the violence they are faced with, and this may direct to them believing that violence. The gaming can also have positive psychological effects on the gamer. It is often argued that gaming is better than watching television, as there is more communication with gaming. This communication may promote things like problem solving, planning, testing and opinion when playing the game. These factors could increase positive behaviour, such as problem solving and reasonable skills. The one simple psychological effect that gaming has on the individual that plays it. The background and the context of every gamer will mean that everyone is achieve differently. A connection between violent games and violent behaviour is quite visible. The psychological effects show that gaming has entirely personal to the individual question, and it is difficult to decide right that what affects and individual psychology. Since game alone is not to be responsible for factors such as violence or logical success. It is an improvement, one-sided to every individual.

Mirror for Man - People are the way that they are Raised :: Mirror for Man Essays

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kluckhohn explained the differences and similarities among the world's peoples by taking different life examples of different cultured people and compared them to another person who was raised up in a different lifestyle. At first, he brought up several questions, asking why certain people do or don't do certain things. These questions were served as guides, which led on to the examples. They also served as attraction to the readers who are curious about different people from another culture. Then he went on to compare people from different cultures in his examples. He compared an American woman, who restricts her husband to only one mate, with a Koryak woman, who shares her husband with another woman; an American raised in China with the Americans raised here in the United States; and lastly, he compared people's reactions from eating the meat of chicken or tuna fish to that of a rattlesnake. Kluckhohn has a strong point in viewing human's culture. I agree with his definition of culture -- "the part of the environment that is the creation of human beings." People react to things differently because they were raised up in different environments with different cultures. No matter who the person is, or where he (or she) was born, his behavior and his personality traits developments would depend on the environment that he is living in. The way people think, feel, react, and behave also are depended upon life experiences. They feel different emotions because they have felt this emotional happiness or sadness before. They think what is right and what is wrong because they have learned from past experiences. They react to different things because they experienced things that please them and the things that displease them. They behave in certain ways because they want to design their way of living into what they have admired from other people's lives. I was born in Hong Kong, the school systems and the people living there are very strict in comparing with the United States. Over in Hong Kong, students go to school for seven hours and then they would go home and spend another seven or eight hours on homework. The school system really forces you to study and do your homework to stay up with the rest of the class. But yet, the students would accept the homework assignments without complaining because they are use to doing so much homework and taking the pressure.

Biography of Julius Caesar Essay -- Julius Caesar Roman Empire Essays

Biography of Julius Caesar A baby was born on July 12 or 13 of 100 BC in Rome. Little did the proud parents of this baby know that he would rule most of the known world. This baby was born to the name of Gaius, his personal name, Julius was the name of his family's clan and the name of his family was Caesar meaning hairy. Caesar was such an amazing man that many people couldn't believe that he was born the same way as them. Over time stories have arisen about Caesar's birth. One story says that Caesar was pulled from an incision in his mother's stomach. This is where the medical term of Cesarean section came from, from Caesar's birth. Not everyone paid that much attention to the birth of Caesar, it was overshadowed by exploits of his Uncle Gaius Marius. Marius was a politician, he was a "new man" or a plebeian politician. He married into the aristocratic Caesar family so he would have a name to back up his words. Marius did not receive a first-class education or a lot of other advantages some politicians had. Marius was elected consul in 108 BC, once in office he proved himself as a brilliant general. He persuaded the senate to send him to Africa and replace the general in the war there. He took over for General Metellus. Soon he ended the war that had been dragging on for many years. When he returned to Rome Marius found another chance for fame. Nomadic German tribes had invaded the north of Italy and winning a couple battles over Roman armies. Marius took the spotlight away from this little bundle of joy named Caesar.No matter what he wanted he was propelled into politics. Many of his relatives were senators or held other important political offices. He listened to many political discussions between his family which had substantial influences on him. He was trained to be a politician by his tutor Antonius Gnipho. He studied Greek and Latin literature, philosophy, and most important, rhetoric or the art of persuasive argument. At the age of twelve he was brought to the senate house to watch speeches and debates.As a kid he wrote numerous poems and plays. Augustus believed that these writings might tarnish his reputation, when he became emperor he burned all of Caesar works. Caesar was a very handsome boy and for that matter man too. He dressed in a style all his own. He was not very strong as boy. All male children were expected to be goo... ...ors over the edge. Caesar wanted to lead armies again in new and glorious conquests. He made plans to leave Rome for two years and lead an army. He was to leave on March 19. This meant the assassination had to take place soon, Cassius had to make final plans. Caesar knew something was wrong he had spies everywhere and a soothsayer openly said that he would be killed. He refused to take precautions and even dismissed his bodyguard. This whole time he refused to be crowned king. Caesar was scheduled to attend a meeting on the Ides, or fifteenth, of March, that was the day the conspirators would attack. On March fourteenth Caesar's wife had terrible dreams of her husband's death. In the morning his wife pleaded with him not to go. Caesar postponed the session. One of the conspirators named Decimus Brutus came to Caesar's house and persuaded him to come to the session. He gave in and came to the session. His wife's try to save him failed. When Caesar entered the Senate a group formed around him and stabbed him to death. He was stabbed 23 times then fell on a statue of Pompey. So Caesar died. Caesar had a great life and then was stabbed because people were jealous of him.

A Speakers Reflections Essay -- essays research papers

A Speaker’s Reflections   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Robert Hayden’s poem â€Å"Those Winter Sundays† is a reflection the speaker has regarding his father. An analysis of the poem’s tone and language reveals the speaker regrets his father did so much for the family and â€Å"no one ever thanked him†. It is obvious the speaker feels regret for the way he behaved toward his father in the past by examining the phrases in the poem, particularly with the description of the father. The connotations of the language used in this description denote the father in a certain way that the speaker did not see him as before. The tone and feeling of regret or sorrow is evident in the poem not only through language and word choice on the literal surface, but also in the structure of the poem itself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The poem indicates the father as hardworking by his description. The speaker reveals the father has â€Å"cracked hands that ached from labor† and that â€Å"Sundays too† he â€Å"got up early† to start a fire and warm the house. As if this gesture is not enough, â€Å"He’d call† to his family â€Å"when the rooms were warm† so they would not have to endure the â€Å"blueblack cold† of a winter morning. The poem also indicates the father doing other chores, such as polishing â€Å"my good shoes.† This description of the father is moving, it show he loves his family and is thoughtful enough to do the chores no one else would want to do. The word choice for this description is very interesting, howe...

Case Briefs

Case1 Plaintiff(14) VS Defendant(11) February 20th 1889 Fact: Two boys were in a same high school of the village of Waukesha. 11 years old boy kicked another 14 years old boy which caused the boy never recovered the use of his limb. The former was sued by the latter for $2800. Issue: whether a person who unintentionally hurt another person is liable for the harm through intentional harm. Holdings: the jury rendered a verdict for the plaintiff of $2800. Rationale: the touch was the exciting or remote cause of the destruction of the bone.The case was a case of torts and it related to the assult and battery which the defendant should pay money for the plaintiff. The defendant has no proof of any other hurt, and the medical testimony seems to have been agreed that this touch or kick was the exciting cause of the injury to the plaintiff. Case2 Plaintiff Ralph Edward DAVIS VS Defendant Walter Calvin WHITE ,Jr. September 10,1977 Facts : White had obtained a gun in anticipation of shooting T ipton in an argument ,but missed and shot Davis in the stomach who was washing cars in front of his mother’s house on Fairmont Avenue in Richmond ,Virginia.Issue: whether an action based upon a willful and malicious injury by the debtor to another person is nondischargeable in bankruptcy. Holdings: the debt resulting from that act is nondischargeable in bankruptcy. Rationale: Every person is liable for the direct ,natural and probable consequence of his acts, and that every one doing an unlawful act is responsible for all of the consequential results of that act. The evidence here clearly show that the shooting was a wrongful act intentionally done and Davis’s injuries resulted from that act.And the debts results from that act. If one intentionally commits an assault or battery at another and by mistake strikes a third person, he is guilty of an assault and battery of the third person. Case3 Plaintiff Dan R. CULLISON vs Defendant Ernest MEDLEY February 2,1986 Fact: Cul lison encountered 16-year-old Sandy in a Linton, Indiana, grocery store parking lot and invited her to his home. Sandy didn’t come alone ,instead father Ernest and other family members accompanied her. He was berated and felt threatened since then.Increase fear from that incident lead him to serious psychological problems and affect his normal life. Issue: were the actions of threatening sufficient for reasonable people to apply battery. Holdings: It is error for the trial court to enter summary judgment ,which means that the appellant will get another trial. Rationale: Ernest kept grabbing at the pistol as if he were going to take it out, which gives Cullison’s the apprehension of being shot or injured an assault constitutes a touching of the mind, if not of the body. The tort invades the plaintiff’s mental peace.Case4 Plaintiff John Robert DICKENS (31) vs Defendant Earl V. PURYEAR and Ann Brewer Puryear (18) April 2ed 1975 Fact: Dickens was beat into semi-cons ciousness and threatened to leave the state of North Carolina after lured into rural Johnston county by defendants, husband and wife . Ann Puryear and Earl Puryear appoint four men to inflict assault on him. Dickens then filed his complaint on 31 March 1978 for his physical injury and emotional distress. Issue: whether a threat or attempt to show violence constitutes assault.Holdings: plaintiff’s recovery for injuries ,mental or physical, caused by these actions would be barred by the one-year statute of limitations. Rationale: ordinarily mere words, unaccompanied by some act apparently intended to carry the threat into execution, do not put the other in apprehension of an imminent bodily contact ,and so cannot make the actor liable for an assault. Case 5 Plaintiff Eckert vs Long Island R. Co. November 26 1867 Fact: The deceased ,Henry Eckert, successfully saved a child near the main track but was stuck by the locomotive and received such injuries as to kill himself.Eckert ,t he wife ,acted as administratrix sued the Long Island R. Co. ,tending to prove that the cars were running improperly. Issue: whether a person who voluntarily place himself in danger to save a child is liable for negligence Holding: principles of law cannot yield to particular case, which means the intestate is liable for negligence. Rationale;as a reasonable prudent person who has the full knowledge and apprehension of the risk incurred ,the act of saving others ,which is not a duty imposed by law ,cannot relive him from negligence.The cars were being run at a very moderate speed, not over seven or eight miles per hour, that the signals required by law were given and that the child was not on the track over which the cars were passing, but on a side track near the main track. The company is not the insurer of ,or liable to those who ,of their own choice and with full notice, place themselves in the path of the train and are injured. Case 6 Plaintiff Cooley vs public Service Co. Nove mber 29. 1935Fact: During a heavy storm, several of the Public Service wires broke and fell to the ground and one of it which carried a voltage of about 1300 came into contact with the telephone messenger ,Cooley. The contact created violent agitation in the diaphragm of the receiver and a loud explosive noise. Cooley suffered from traumatic neurosis and loss of sensation on the left side. She claimed that it the defendant’s consequent duty to maintain such devices at cross-overs as would prevent falling wires from coming into contact with a telephone wire.Issue: whether the harm caused indirectly of the company is responsible for the negligence . Holding: a verdict should have been directed for the defendant. Judgment for the defendant. Rationale: To the extent that the duty to use care depends upon relationship the defendant's duty of care towards the plaintiff is obviously weaker than that towards the man in the street. The defendant's duty cannot, in the circumstances, be to both. If that were so, performance of one duty would mean nonperformance of the other There was no least evidence to show the plaintiff suffered an electric shock.There was evidence that baskets and similar devices were used by the Telephone Company, some years ago, for the protection of their wires at cross-overs. Case7 Plaintiff Andrews vs Defendant United Airlines. Inc. Fact: A briefcase fell from an airplane’s compartment injured Billie Jean Andrews seriously. No one knows what caused the briefcase to fall. She claimed that the airline didn’t prevent the foreseeable injury. Issue: whether safety measure is enough and the airline is responsible for the injury.Holding: summary judgment was reversed ,which means a new trial. Rationale: the United has failed to do all that human care ,vigilance, and foresight reasonablely can do under all the circumstances. Case8 Roberts v. Ring Facts: Ring was a 77 years old man driving south on a much traveled street in Owatonna , and he passed clear over a boy who ran into his way ,crossing the street to the west . Issue: An old man was not alert enough and failed to stop his car while he saw the boy, is that enough to raise an issue of his negligence.Whether a boy’s age should be taken into consideration when it comes to contributory negligence. Holdings: The old man is responsible for negligence. Rationale: the boys age should be taken into consideration . D failed to stop his car, the infirmities weighed against him. Care was required to avoid injuring other travelers. Case9 Daniels v. Evans Facts:19 years old Daniel was died in a collision of his motorcycle and Evans’ automobile at Lebanon on August 4. 1962. Issue: minor engaged in activities undertaken by adults, whether the standard of care to minors still prevails.Holdings: a minor operating a motor vehicle, whether an automobile or a motorcycle, must be judged by the same standard of care as an adult and the defendant’s objecti on to the Trial Court’s charge applying a different standard to the conduct of the plaintiff’s intestate was valid. Rationale: when a minor engages in such activities a s the operation of an automobile or similar power in driven device, he forfeits his rights to have the reasonableness of his conduct measured by a standard commensurate with his age and I thenceforth held to the standard as all other persons.All drivers must, and have the right to expect that others using the highways , regardless of their age and experience, will, obey the traffic laws and thus exercise the adult standard of ordinary care. One cannot know whether the operator of an approaching automobile is a minor or an adult ,and usually cannot protect himself against youthful imprudence even if warned. Case10 Wood v. Boynton and another. Facts: the plaintiff was the owner of a small stone ,which turn out to be a rough diamond and worth more than $700 ,but she tendered it to the defendants ,who are p artners in the jewelry business in December,1883 ignorantly for $1. 0. she asks to recover the possession of that uncut diamond of the alleged value of $1000. Issue: whether inadequacy of price by the mistake of the vendor can still entitle her to rescind the sale and so revest the title in her. Holdings: There is no ground for a rescission of a sale and the circuit court affirmed the judgment. Rationale: There is no evidence of fraud or warranty in that sale. It is her own mistake for selling it without further investigation about the intrinsic value. The facts known to both parties is on equal basis, and the buyer didn’t exert influence on her sale.Case11 Anderson v. Backlund Facts :in the written lease, a written lease defined the tenancy of the Defendant, who was a tenant on a 640-acre farm owned by the plaintiff. In an oral agreement, the defendant agreed to buy 100 head of cattle and bring upon the farm and consume good pasture thereon ,while he purchased 7 more ,and th e defendant’s promise on his side failed accordingly. The plaintiff want to recover the promissory note. Issue: whether the oral advice can constitute a contract. Holdings: The learned trial court right directing a verdict.The plaintiff’s counterclaim falls. Rationale: There is lack of mutual assent to the same proposition and the language is too indefinite and general as to the usual elements of a contract. The minds of the parties never net upon the essential terms. Case12 The superintendent and the trustees of public schools of the city of Trenton v. IRA Bennett and Aaron Carlisle Issue: The house falls down before its completion ,solely by reason of a latent defect in the soil, and not on account of faulty construction, whether the loss falls upon the builder or the owner of the land.Facts: The covenant of Everham and Hill was to build , erect, and complete the school-house upon the lot in question for the sum of $2610,the whole price was to be paid for the whole b uilding and the division was into installments to aid the completion of the work. But the house falls down before completion as a result of a latent defect in the soil. Holdings: it was overruled by the court, which means it is the defendants who need to shoulder the responsibility.Rationale: if a party enter into an absolute contract, without any qualification or exception, and receives from the party with whom he contracts the consideration of such engagement ,he must abide by the contract, and either do the act or pay the damages. He that agrees to do an act should do it, unless absolutely impossible. He must overcome all the difficulties and do everything necessary to erect and complete the building. The destruction of the incomplete building was neither caused by a sudden tornado nor a latent softness of the soil. It can be done.The defendants doesn’t do enough. ?&! , :What if the land belong to the government and both side are contractors? Can the contractor get the tot al sum of money? They cannot ,because they do not actually finish it . if so ,it is not equal, the defendant didn’t get all the consideration instead they should pay for the loss caused by nature. Isn’t it common sense to do some investigation on the soil before building? Case13 Vickery v, Ritchie Facts: Two parties acted honestly and in good faith of their contract to complete a building on a lot.However the discrepancy between two writings, $33721 on the plaintiff’s side and $23200 on the defendant’s side, invalidate their express contract. The plaintiff asked to recover a balance of $10467. 16. Issue: The architect make the fraud and lead to a mutual mistake on both sides and the failure of the contract, whether implied contract or compensation is liable when the supposed one failed Holding: the plaintiff is entitled to recover the fair value of his labor and materials. Rationale: The mutual mistake in this particular left them with no express contract by which their rights and liabilities could be determined.The law implies an obligation to pay for what has been done and furnished under such circumstances. When the whole contract will fail . the parties may have reasonable compensation for what they have done in reliance upon it ? &! they should cry on each others’ shoulder as they are both victims. I am satisfied with what the judge has done. But the architect shouldn’t escape. Case14 Hertzog V. Hertzog Facts: the son asserted that he remained in the employment of his father until he was about forty years old and they lived together the most of the time even after the son got married.The son also claims that he lent$500 of his wife’s money to his father. The son asked his father to pay. Issue: family association involved ,whether a contract of hiring applicable when it is evident but no evidence to define the work between father and son. Holdings: Judgment reversed and a new trial awarded. The plaintiff is not winning yet. Rationale: There was no express contract or sufficient proof to define hiring. ?&! : They should consider the situation. What if the son lives like parasites and annoys the parents a lot? What if the father is cruel and treated family members as slaves?Surely such kind of evidence could be found. When the father dies ,where is his heritage ? and if the son will hesitates that, why shall he complain? Case15 Cropsey v. Sweeney Facts: the plaintiff ,Eliza Ann Cropsey married James Ridgeway on the 25th of august,1821, remarried him in the year of 1825 after James got a divorce with his ex-wife whom he separated since 1815 and lived with him till 1847 when he passed away. At the first marriage, James was a carpenter and builder and worth about $1000. while ,at the time of his death ,it is more than$150000.Both of James descendants claimed the whole of his estate. Later, the plaintiff demanded judgment for $40000. However the defendant demurred that the complaint does not constitute any cause of action. The defendant appealed to the general term. Issue: whether she should be paid for the work she did if she is not a legal wife. Holdings: the order of the special term overruling the demurrer must be reversed and the plaintiff losses. Rationale: there is no express promise pretended in the complaint. The plaintiff was standing in the suppose relation of wife and the her marriage is not valid.Her own story of devoted faithful love and services as a wife and mother cannot permit us to say that she is legally entitled to receive pay for those services as a servant. Q&! stupid law.!!!! !!! How could they make such things happen and happen again? Isn’t there a policy to permit or prevent illegal marriage or make it legal ? The so called law cannot give her justice because it cannot get out of this dilemma—she is a wife, yes, but it is not legal, so she failed. She is servant ,no ,because she is a supposed wife, she failed the complaint again. The first marriage is done ,why she is still not an lawful wife?Rings, children ,can’t they served as evidence to constitute implied contract or something? Case16 Shaw v. Shaw and another. Facts: The plaintiff ,then Mrs, Moseley , accepted Percy John Shaw ‘s proposal and married him on December 10 ,1938. For 14 years they lived as husband and wife at Cannock, during which time the plaintiff advanced to Shaw in varying sums about 250pounds to buy stock, to assist him in acquiring land ,and to pay for agricultural machinery. When Percy died intestate , her distribution of assets was delayed because Percy ‘s lawful wife was still alive.In 1939 the plaintiff by her reply alleged fraud. Since the alleged promise was unenforceable ,she appealed. Issue: The promisor is not able to go through a lawful marriage and only he knows the fact, whether a breach of promise can apply. Holdings: she is entitled to get a fair sum of 1000pounds as damages. Rationale: The plaintiff d id not know that the defendant was married ,and did not know that his promise might be contrary to public policy. The promisor knew the facts but promised that he is a widower. In that marriage, the plaintiff used her savings for his affairs and served as a wife for 14 years.Q&! : How much would he pay a call girl for one night? How could a wife’s damages be valued? What is immoral or unlawful? Case17 Noble et al . v. Williams et al. Facts: the plaintiffs were hired to teach the public school in Jackson, ky ,for the fall term of 1908. The school failed to pay the rent and buy supplies. In order to conduct the teaching ,the teachers paid. They want to recover the rent. Issue: whether they voluntarily paid the rent which is not included in the teaching contract could still recover that money? Holdings: judgment affirmed ,the plaintiffs failRationale: the school abide by the teaching contract . The teachers voluntarily paid an obligationn which was not theirs . ?&! maybe the Jud gment is right. But it encourages people to mind their own businesses in the future. Case18 Sommers v. Putnam county board of education et al. Facts: Plaintiff ,father of 4 minor children of compulsory school age and taxpayer of Riley township ,Putnam county, Ohio filed a petition in the court of common pleas of Putnam county, praying for a money($397)judgment against the Putnam county board of education and the township board of education . he petition avers that ,by reason of the failure ,neglect, and refusal of said defendants in error, and each of them, to provide high school work within 4 miles of his residence, or to transport his 4 children to high school, or to provide and furnish board and lodging for his children ,the plaintiff was compelled to and did transport his 4 children to and from his residence to said high school for some days.Issue: whether the quasi contract apply and therefore is entitled to compensation when the parent perform an act of beneficial intervention in the discharge of the school boards legal obligation to provide transportation or access for children to high school ? Holding: the demurrer will be overruled and plaintiff is entitled to receive a money reimbursement. Rationale: in the syllabus,† if a board of education in a district fails to provide sufficient school privileges for all the youth of school age in the district ,a mandatory duty rests upon the county board of education to provide same access to children . As the performance of that duty by parent is beneficial to school boards who failed to do that ,the parent is entitled to compensation. The fact that ,at a little different stage in proceedings, mandamus would lie is no answer to the argument of the plaintiff here that, when he has expended money, time, and effort in performing a duty enjoined by statute upon the boards ,he can receive a money reimbursement.

Animals Have Souls!

Alexis Clendenin Gabriel 21 March, 2013 English IV cured Project Animals form souls. Should Animal experi ment for Medical Research be criminalize? Through come to the fore biography, nutrition organism experimentation has contend an imperative role in in the lead to new disc constantlyyplaceies and human advantages. However, many other(prenominal) state tend to forget the great come of animal that sire suffered skilful wrongfulness during the process of experimentation. Many population misconstrue the nature the lives that animals genuinely live, and atomic number 18 uneffective to under(a)stand the actual laboratory procedures and techniques.Animal experimentation should be excluded beca engross it is inhumane, unethical, and there argon safer slipway to test products. According to the latest US statistics, Nearly one million animals were tortured, cut up and killed in US laboratories in 2009. (Business Wire) The much or slight common animals wasting d iseased for experimentation ar mice, rats, rabbits, primates, dogs, cats no animal is safe from experimentation. (PETA) Animals should be roaming free, not lying in a cold cage not well-enlightened whats about to transpire upon them. In the laboratory, animals be compelled to inhaling, ingesting getting injected with lethal substances. PETA) worldly concern put one over stronger rights than animals since we tummy reason ration al togethery. We use animals to eat them, play with them, and wear their skins. or so vital, we use them as test subjects for medical exam purposes. The research has led us to discoveries which bring in saved millions of lives. The outcomes have led to immunizations against polio, mumps, hepatitis, diphtheria, and rubella which have saved countless lives. (Gale, 2) Researching animals is all important(p) for scientists, medical societies, and health agencies all over the world to enhance the lives of humans. Government regulations nearly the world take aim that new drugs, vaccines and working(a) implants outset be tested in animals for potential toxic re effects. (Gale, 1) The testing of animals is the but guaranteed way we goat continue our performance of safe medicines. Without animal testing scientists give the axenot be optimistic that all medicines on the merchandise atomic number 18 safe and reliable. To be subservient to human beings, the drugs should be tested development human cells, tissues, and organs. Recent technological developments do it possible to replace experimenting on animals.The use of cell culture, analytical technology, micro-organism tests, and computer models are some examples of additional approaches for medical research. (ONeill, 2) Scientists plainly want to obtain the best issuances and that is wherefore they test on animals. Animals and humans pot have the similar medical issues. (Gale, 1) opponent to all animal testing would look at a life without drugs, vaccines, painkillers, anesthetics, and surgery. (Gale 2) If we didnt have any treatments to any illnesses, would the human species digest? The answer is unkn let.Every day in the fall in States animals are beaten, neglected, or forced to make do for survival. Left in unsanitary conditions with no food or water, they have wee hope as they live out their days without the compassion they deserve. Some are found and rescued, given the chance to visualise how great life and humans can be others arent so lucky. To grow as a nation, we must fight for these treat animals rights and severely punish heartless owners. It is up to us to speak for these creatures who lack a voice, for who will if we dont?One of the offset printing steps in hold dearing animals and creating effective rigour laws is knowing what animal cruelness actually is. There are two categories inactive cruelty and active cruelty. The first involves acts of omission, mean the abuse happens as a result of neglect or lack of action. do rmant cruelty might seem less serious, but that is not the cutting it can lead to terrible pain and suffering, and in the long run death. Examples include starvation, dehydration, untreated parasite infestations, short shelter in extreme last conditions, and the failure to get medical care.Passive cruelty is sometimes due to the owners ignorance, so many animal control officers will first try to work neglectful owners on how to properly care for animals before boastful them a citation or placing them under arrest. Active cruelty, on the other hand, is more well known and disturbing. Sometimes referred to as non-accidental injury, this type of abuse involves purposefully inflicting violate on an animal in set out to feel more powerful or gain control.Active cruelty against animals should be taken very seriously, since it can be a sign that a person has serious psychological issues and may pull out more acts of ferocity possibly against humans. It is hard to prove just w hat drives people to harm frank animals. According to a 1997 study do by the Massachusetts Society for the streak of Cruelty to Animals and Northeastern University, animal abusers are five times more seeming to commit violent crimes against people and iv times more likely to commit property crimes than are individuals without a history of animal abuse, says Pet-abuse. om. It is vital to report people who hurt animals. Most animal abusers induce some sort of fulfillment or power in torturing a victim they know cant fight back, which is why crimes like rape and child molestation are committed. While not all animal abusers become serial killers or rapists, it is important to take every case seriously. For example, Carroll Edward Cole was a West gliding serial killer who may have murdered as many as 35 women in the 1970s and was execute in 1985. Based on Coles testimony, his first violent act was strangling a puppy.The Columbine school shooting is another example of animal abuse as a precursor to human violence. in advance killing 12 classmates and then bend the guns on themselves, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebod had bragged to friends about mutilating animals. If these acts had been reported to political science and taken seriously, these two young men might have been put in a proper facility and helped, possibly avoiding the horrific massacre. Given these examples, its hard to look why all states dont take animal cruelty seriously. Alaska, Arkansas, Idaho, Mississippi, North Dakota, and South Dakota have no felony provisions for cruelty to animals.According to the charitable Society, a good felony anticruelty law should protect all animals, apply to first-time offenders, carry round fines and lengthy prison time, have no exemptions, require convicted abusers to get counseling at their own expense, and prohibit abusers from owning or living among animals. Along with these laws we consume officials who will potently enforce them. Police, psychologists, and even the FBI recognize the inter-group communication between animal cruelty and violence against people. To better protect communities, all states should set up strong penalties and work to increase normal awareness of these crimes.Its not just up to the legal system to ensure that communities across the country are aware and educated about animal cruelty. There are plenty of things everyday citizens can do. The simplest action is for people to take care of their own pets and learn the facts so they can educate others on proper animal care. some other easy way to help is by donating to or volunteering at a topical anesthetic animal shelter. Contrary to popular belief, volunteering doesnt require a lot of time hardly going in a some hours a week helps tremendously.Finally, by theme letters you can remind your topical anesthetic lawmakers that animal abuse is a substantial problem that needs to be addressed. pickings a few minutes to foul this worthy cause not only he lps animals, it allows you to feel proud about standing(a) up for something so important to society. It is our blood to be the voice for creatures who cannot speak up for themselves. As a nation we need to make it our priority to come together and ensure the safety of our beloved pets. As Margaret Mead once said, Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.

The Effectiveness of Franklin Roosevelt

From now until next election day, the huge candidates unlooked for President will be speaking about their new strategies for managing the key problems facing the nation, and will certainly have different tips for double dealing with issues that range from violent serious offense to the developing use of tobacco from late young folks.Franklin Roosevelt created many different laws and agencies to reach his goals of relief, reform, logical and recovery. Roosevelt created the Social Security Act. The personal Social Security Act provided modest pensions, unemployment insurance, logical and financial assistance to handicapped, elderly, and dependent children.It was a central system that provided for the welfare of individuals in the new industrial act.Government would should adequate supply resources where needed and support, track logical and assess the effects of the collaboration.The Civilian Consercation Corps and the Works rapid Progress Administration were made to design new wor k programs unlooked for people and kept people from starving. It also helped citizens restore their self-respect that they she had lost during the hard years of the Great Depression. These federal agencies provided needed labor for public projects. For women, the depression made their position in the economy worse.

A solution was provided by them.Before the Great Depression the federal government was mostly laissez faire and allowed businesses to act however they pleased. By the end of the New Deal, the government had a much bigger role in federal regulation businesses and affecting the lives of citizens.Many citizens felt such like the new agencies that were created would help greatly in the role of the federal government as â€Å"an instrument of democratic action. † Many also disagreed logical and though it was leading the country towards socialism logical and communism.Although it isnt possible to quantify risk, it can be approximated.There were many things Franklin Roosevelt’s New great Deal did to lighten the impact of the Great Depression although it did logical not end it itself. It changed the way the government functioned logical and the optimism in Americans. It gave citizens little hope in overcoming hardships. Roosevelt built a dominant new political coalition, creating a democratic majority.

Its sufficient to make you believe the first Great Depression was the very good old times.Ross, Stewart. many Causes and Consequences of the Great Depression. Texas: Steck-Vaughn Company, 1998. Print.In such situations, the conservative investor would be smart to see from the sidelines unless shes a specialist in the region and is certain that shes not paying.com/long_divine_appap_7/23/5931/1518562. cw/index. dynamic html FDR’s New Deal Summary & Analysis. http://www.

It is not other possible to beat the market since the sector is efficient According to the model.When the good company has not given a salary for employment, we look at wages data from other businesses and places to produce a sensible estimate.Several must have lost hope of obtaining a secure occupation.Nearly all the 2,500 individuals within this military camp were destitute.

There arent any simple procedures to attain that.The only answer is they can not.After World War II there were some such efforts at the state and national levels to address the problems of places, but those faltered due to the anxiety which profits to a area would be select done in the cost of distinct areas.The authorities was altered by the New Deal.